Pakistan’s Nuclear Facilities

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Chagai Hills - Ras Koh

On May 28, 1998 Pakistan announced that it had conducted five (simultaneous) nuclear weapons tests. Seismic data indicates that this was the location of the tests.

28.950 °N, 64.720 °E

Wazir Khan Khosa

Pakistan conducted at least one underground nuclear test on May 30, 1998, in a vertical shaft at a site in the Kharan Desert, about 100 kilometers from the site of the first test.

28.720 °N, 64.020 °E

Golra Sharif

Possible uranium enrichment research and development facility/pilot plant. Like many other sites in Pakistan, it is not subject to inspection by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

33.669997 °N, 2.948232 °E

Isa Khel

Large plutonium extraction plant, civil works complete, and a Chinese-supplied nuclear power reactor in early stages of construction.

32.672616 °N, 71.268997 °E

Khan Research Laboratories, Kahuta

Kahuta is the site of the Khan Research Laboratories [KRL], Pakistan’s main nuclear weapons laboratory as well as an emerging center for long-range missile development. The primary Pakistani fissile-material production facility is located at Kahuta, employing gas centrifuge enrichment technology to produce Highly Enriched Uranium [HEU]. This facility is not under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards

33.619104 °N, 73.10571 °E

Karachi

Pakistan’s first nuclear energy plant (heavy-water, natural uranium, 137 MWe), Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP), became operational in 1972 under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards. Built with Canadian assistance, KANUPP is a unique variant of the CANDU reactor.

24.845183 °N, 66.787241 °E

Chasma Nuclear Plant

The Chashma Nuclear Power Plant project was initiated in the 1970s, and became operational in 2000.

32.391848 °N, 71.461258 °E

Khusab

Plutonium production reactor under construction. If completed, in conjunction with the plutonium extraction plants, it could create a significant inventory of unsafeguarded weapons-usable plutonium.

32.020066 °N, 72.207427 °E

Rawalpindia

The Pakistan Institute of Science and Technology is responsible for fuel cycle research and development activities; including analytical chemistry, nuclear materials, metallurgy, fuel development. The New Labs Reprocessing Plant, a not-yet-operational plutonium extraction plant is also located here.

33.652494 °N, 73.258038 °E

Sources: Federation of American Scientists, Center for Non-Proliferation Studies, and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace